Friday, February 12, 2010

What Are the Types of Cognitive Dementia?

There are two groups of cognitive dementia. The group depends on what part of the brain is affected:

Cortical Dementia. The cerebral cortex is changed. The cerebral cortex is the outer layers of the brain. It has a vital role in cognitive processes like memory and speech. Patients with cortical dementia usually have severe memory damage. These patients also cannot recall words and cannot grasp common speech. This is aphasia. Alzheimer's and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease are two forms of cortical dementia.

Sub-cortical Dementia. Beneath the cortex is affected. These patients show changes in their personality and attention span. Their thinking slows down. They may not show the memory loss and language hardships as with cortical dementias. Huntington's disease, Parkinson's Disease, and AIDS dementia complex are examples of sub-cortical dementias.

There are cases where both parts of the brain are affected. One case is with multi-infarct dementia.

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